These gas flows are significantly different from traditional aerodynamics due to the flow regime and gas composition. Orbital aerodynamics is the study of the interactions of the residual atmosphere with orbital bodies. Low orbital altitude satellites enable high-resolution imaging The presence of the rarefied atmosphere in Very Low Earth Orbits (VLEO) also offers interesting opportunities for innovative attitude and orbital manoeuvres using aerodynamic forces and the prospect of revolutionary Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion (ABEP), which can enable sustained operations at these altitudes. Our research in this area is principally concerned with the development of novel geometries and system concepts that can operate effectively in this challenging environment. Aerodynamic perturbations also challenge the ability of the platform to remain stable with significant implications on mission operations. However, at reduced orbital altitude the residual atmosphere produces drag, which decreases the orbital lifetime. Operating satellites at lower altitudes allows them to be smaller, less massive and less expensive, while achieving the same or even better resolution and data products than current platforms.
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